Political And Social Themes In Hamlet
Hamlet is a play that is driven by social and political elements. Be it between Hamlet and Claudius or Denmark and Norway, it is these social and political feuds that drive the play. There are various themes used by Shakespeare in the play that can be put in these two categories. These themes include, but are in no way limited to; Death, religion, social class, revenge, pride, politics and isolation.
Hamlet, the play, as a whole is very patriarchal. The men seem to wield the power and excert it over not just each other, but also the women in the play. Both Hamlet and Claudius can be seen controling Gertrude at various points in the play. Claudius uses her to try and control Hamlet, where as Hamlet uses her as a pawn in his game of trying to get to the bottom of what actually happened to his father. Gertude is seen less as another human being but more of a prize in Claudius’ eyes, there is no doubt in our minds through out the play that Claudius did not only kill old Hamlet for the throne but also for Gertrude’s hand in marriage.
Unfortunately for Ophelia, Gertrude is not the only women ruled by the men in the play, Ophelia is often controlled also. Polonius uses her as a spy. He send her to spy on Hamlet, hoping to get to find out the cause of his apparant madness. Not only does he send her to spy on Hamlet, but he also says, “I will loose her,” which is not only controling, but also degrading, likening her to an obediant dog or another animal of some sort. This is dehumanising in another way, not only does it appear that he sees her as an animal but also as a an object of possession. Hamlet uses Ophelia more as a love object, but he does see her more as a human being than Laertes and Polonius. It appears that Hamlet is in love with Ophelia as he often talks to her affectionately. But as the play progresses Hamlet begins to distrust Ophelia. “Get thee to a nunnery.” This shows his distrust in her word and her purity, it also makes the audience wonder whether Hamlet cares about Ophelia anymore. She becomes more like someone Hamlet can channel his rage at, rather than someone Hamlet is trying to win over. Laertes treats Ophelia like a child, warning her to beware of Hamlet and he tries to frighten her away from him, saying that Hamlet cannot be trusted and is only interested in her for sexual reasons and once she loses her virginity she will not find another man. “Perhaps he loves you now, And now soil nor cautel doth besmirch, The virtue of his will; but you must fear, His greatness weighed, his will is not his own, For he himself is subject to birth.”